Approaches in Bioremediation pdf

Ram Prasad is Assistant Professor, Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh. He obtained his PhD (Microbiology) from Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut for which he did the experimental work in School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), New Delhi. He did his MSc in Life Sciences from School of Life Sciences, JNU, New Delhi and has qualified CSIR-NET, GATE and ASRB-NET. He has seventy-five publications to his credit, which include research papers and book chapters at international and national levels. He also has five patents issued or pending and he is author/editor of three books. Dr Prasad has twelve years of research and nine years of teaching experience. He was awarded Young Scientist Award and Prof JS Datta Munshi Gold Medal. He has also been awarded FSAB fellowship by the Society for Applied Biotechnology in the field of Microbial Biotechnology. Recently, he has been awarded American Cancer Society UICC International Fellowships (2014) for Beginning Investigators and, is presently, Visiting Assistant Professor in Whiting School of Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, the USA.

Approaches in Bioremediation pdf by Ram Prasad

Bioremediation refers to the clean‐up of pollution in soil, groundwater, surface water, and air using typically microbiological processes. It uses naturally occurring bacteria and fungi or plants to degrade, transform or detoxify hazardous substances to human health or the environment.

For bioremediation to be effective, microorganisms must enzymatically attack the pollutants and convert them to harmless products. As bioremediation can be effective only where environmental conditions permit microbial growth and action, its application often involves the management of ecological factors to allow microbial growth and degradation to continue at a faster rate. Like other technologies, bioremediation has its limitations. Some contaminants, such as chlorinated organic or high aromatic hydrocarbons, are resistant to microbial attack. They are degraded either gradually or not at all, hence, it is not easy to envisage the rates of clean-up for bioremediation implementation.

Bioremediation represents a field of great expansion due to the important development of new technologies. Among them, several decades on metagenomics expansion has led to the detection of autochthonous microbiota that plays a key role during transformation. Transcriptomic guides us to know the expression of key genes and proteomics allow the characterization of proteins that conduct specific reactions.

In this book we show specific technologies applied in bioremediation of main interest for research in the field, with special attention on fungi, which have been poorly studied microorganisms. Finally, new approaches in the field, such as CRISPR-CAS9, are also discussed. Lastly, it introduces management strategies, such as bioremediation application for managing affected environment and bioremediation approaches. Examples of successful bioremediation applications are illustrated in radionuclide entrapment and retardation, soil stabilization and remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, plastics or fluorinated compounds. Other emerging bioremediation methods include electro bioremediation, microbe-availed phytoremediation, genetic recombinant technologies in enhancing plants in accumulation of inorganic metals, and metalloids as well as degradation of organic pollutants, protein-metabolic engineering to increase bioremediation efficiency, including nanotechnology applications are also discussed.