Introduzione ai Principia Mathematica pdf

Bertrand Arthur William Russell, (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British mathematician, philosopher, logician, and public intellectual. He had a considerable influence on mathematics, logic, set theory, linguistics, artificial intelligence, cognitive science, computer science and various areas of analytic philosophy, especially philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of language, epistemology, and metaphysics.
He was one of the early 20th century's most prominent logicians, and a founder of analytic philosophy, along with his predecessor Gottlob Frege, his friend and colleague G. E. Moore and his student and protégé Ludwig Wittgenstein. Russell with Moore led the British "revolt against idealism". Together with his former teacher A. N. Whitehead, Russell wrote Principia Mathematica, a milestone in the development of classical logic, and a major attempt to reduce the whole of mathematics to logic (see Logicism). Russell's article "On Denoting" has been considered a "paradigm of philosophy".
Russell was a pacifist who championed anti-imperialism and chaired the India League.He occasionally advocated preventive nuclear war, before the opportunity provided by the atomic monopoly had passed and he decided he would "welcome with enthusiasm" world government. He went to prison for his pacifism during World War I. Later, Russell concluded that the war against Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany was a necessary "lesser of two evils" and also criticized Stalinist totalitarianism, condemned the United States' war on Vietnam and was an outspoken proponent of nuclear disarmament. In 1950, Russell was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought". He was also the recipient of the De Morgan Medal (1932), Sylvester Medal (1934), Kalinga Prize (1957), and Jerusalem Prize (1963).

Introduzione ai Principia Mathematica pdf by Bertrand Russell

I "Principia Mathematica" di Alfred North Whitehead e Bertrand Russell sono un classico della logica matematica. Pubblicati a Cambridge in tre volumi tra il 1910 e il 1913, ripetevano il tentativo, intrapreso sul finire dell'Ottocento da Frege, di ricondurre i concetti fondamentali e le proposizioni della matematica a concetti e proposizioni della logica. Russell aveva scoperto nel 1901 che i principi fondamentali di Frege consentono la formazione di un insieme i cui elementi sono insiemi che non contengono se stessi come elementi: di conseguenza questo insieme è elemento di se stesso se, e soltanto se, non lo è. Per evitare questa antinomia i Principia utilizzano la teoria dei tipi, già sviluppata da Russell e che costituisce la base logica, descritta nella prima parte dell'opera, da cui muovere per la costruzione della matematica (esposta nelle restanti cinque parti).