Neutrino पीडीएफ

फ्रैंक क्लोज़ का जन्म 1945 ई. में पीटरबरो में हुआ था, उन्हें ओबीई से सम्मानित किया गया था, और वे ऑक्सफोर्ड विश्वविद्यालय में भौतिकी के प्रोफेसर और एक्सेटर कॉलेज के फेलो हैं। वह कई बेस्टसेलिंग पुस्तकों के लेखक हैं जैसे: द लूसिफर लिगेसी, पार्टिकल फिजिक्स: ए वेरी शॉर्ट इंट्रोडक्शन, द न्यू कॉस्मिक ओनियन, द पार्टिकल एक्सप्लोजन, द एंड, एक्सट्रीमली थॉर्नी, और "द पार्टिकल सागा" और "एंटीमैटर"। उन्होंने कई उपलब्धियां हासिल कीं, जिनमें शामिल हैं: - अधिकारी के पद पर ब्रिटिश साम्राज्य का आदेश। 1991 में भौतिकी संस्थान की फैलोशिप। 1996 में केल्विन पुरस्कार। - ब्रिटिश एसोसिएशन फॉर द एडवांसमेंट ऑफ साइंस 1993-99 के उपाध्यक्ष। - 2003 से इंटरनेशनल फिजिक्स ओलंपियाड में ब्रिटिश टीम के प्रमुख। - 2013 में माइकल फैराडे अवार्ड।

Neutrino पीडीएफ फ्रैंक क्लोज़

Neutrinos are perhaps the most enigmatic particles in the universe. These tiny, ghostly particles are formed by the billions in stars and pass through us constantly, unseen, at almost the speed of light. Yet half a century after their discovery, we still know less about them than all the other varieties of matter that have ever been seen. In this engaging, concise volume, renowned scientist and popular writer Frank Close gives a vivid account of the discovery of neutrinos and our growing understanding of their significance, also touching on some speculative ideas concerning the possible uses of neutrinos and their role in the early universe. Close begins with the early history of the discovery of radioactivity by Henri Becquerel and Marie and Pierre Curie, the early model of the atom by Ernest Rutherford, and problems with these early atomic models, and Wolfgang Pauli's solution to that problem by inventing the concept of neutrino (named by Enrico Fermi, "neutrino" being Italian for "little neutron"). The book describes how the confirmation of Pauli's theory didn't occur until 1956, when Clyde Cowan and Fred Reines detected neutrinos, and reveals that the first "natural" neutrinos were finally detected by Reines in 1965 (before that, they had only been detected in reactors or accelerators). Close takes us to research experiments miles underground that are able to track neutrinos' fleeting impact as they pass through vast pools of cadmium chloride and he explains why they are becoming of such interest to cosmologists--if we can track where a neutrino originated we will be looking into the far distant reaches of the universe. In telling the story of the neutrino, Close offers a fascinating portrait of a strand of modern physics that shed light on everything from the workings of the atom and the power of the sun.