Operation Pedestal pdf

Sir Max Hugh Macdonald Hastings FRSL FRHistS (nato il 28 dicembre 1945) è un giornalista e storico militare britannico, che ha lavorato come corrispondente estero per la BBC, redattore capo del Daily Telegraph ed editore dell'Evening Standard. È anche autore di numerosi libri, principalmente sulla guerra, che hanno vinto diversi importanti premi. Hastings attualmente scrive una rubrica bimestrale per Bloomberg Opinion.
Hastings si trasferì negli Stati Uniti, trascorrendo un anno (1967-1968) come Fellow del World Press Institute, in seguito al quale pubblicò il suo primo libro, America, 1968: The Fire This Time, un resoconto degli Stati Uniti nella loro tumultuosa elezione anno. Divenne corrispondente estero e riportò da più di sessanta paesi e undici guerre per il programma di attualità Twenty-Four Hours della BBC1 e per l'Evening Standard a Londra.

Operation Pedestal pdf da Max Hastings

Operation Pedestal: The Fleet That Battled to Malta, 1942

Renowned historian Max Hastings recreates one of the most thrilling events of World War II: Operation Pedestal, the British action to save its troops from starvation on Malta—an action-packed tale of courage, fortitude, loss, and triumph against all odds.
In 1940, Hitler had two choices when it came to the Mediterranean region: stay out, or commit sufficient forces to expel the British from the Middle East. Against his generals’ advice, the Fuhrer committed a major strategic blunder. He ordered the Wehrmacht to seize Crete, allowing the longtime British bastion of Malta to remain in Allied hands. Over the fall of 1941, the Royal Navy and RAF, aided by British intelligence, used the island to launch a punishing campaign against the Germans, sinking more than 75 percent of their supply ships destined for North Africa.
But by spring 1942, the British lost their advantage. In April and May, the Luftwaffe dropped more bombs on Malta than London received in the blitz. A succession of British attempts to supply and reinforce the island by convoy during the spring and summer of 1942 failed. British submarines and surface warships were withdrawn, and the remaining forces were on the brink of starvation.
Operation Pedestal chronicles the ensuing British mission to save those troops. Over twelve days in August, German and Italian forces faced off against British air and naval fleets in one of the fiercest battles of the war, while ships packed with supplies were painstakingly divided and dispersed. In the end only a handful of the Allied ships made it, most important among them the SS Ohio, carrying the much-needed fuel to the men on Malta.
"As Hastings makes clear, while the Germans claimed victory, it was the British who ultimately prevailed, for Malta remained a crucial asset that helped lead to the Nazis’ eventual defeat. While the Royal Navy never again attempted an operation on such scale, Hasting argues that without that August convoy the British on Malta would not have survived. In the cruel accountancy of war, the price was worth paying."