hawking on the big bang and black holes pdf

Stephen William Hawking was born in Oxford, England in 1942 and died in 2018, is one of the most prominent theoretical physicists and cosmologists in the world, he studied at Oxford University and obtained a first honors degree in physics, completed his studies at Cambridge University to obtain a doctorate in science The universe, has theoretical research in cosmology and research in the relationship between black holes and thermodynamics, as well as research and studies in chronology.

hawking on the big bang and black holes pdf by Stephen Hawking

Stephen Hawking, the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge University, has made important theoretical contributions to gravitational theory and has played a major role in the development of cosmology and black hole physics. Hawking's early work, partly in collaboration with Roger Penrose, showed the significance of spacetime singularities for the big bang and black holes. His later work has been concerned with a deeper understanding of these two issues. The work required extensive use of the two great intellectual achievements of the first half of the Twentieth Century: general relativity and quantum mechanics; and these are reflected in the reprinted articles. Hawking's key contributions on black hole radiation and the no-boundary condition on the origin of the universe are included. The present compilation of Stephen Hawking's most important work also includes an introduction by him, which guides the reader though the major highlights of the volume. This volume is thus an essential item in any library and will be an important reference source for those interested in theoretical physics and applied mathematics.