Theory Of Moral Sentiments pdf

亚当·斯密是苏格兰道德哲学家和经济学家。他被认为是古典经济学的奠基人和政治经济学的先驱。他最出名的是他的两本经典著作：《道德情操论》（1759 年）和《国富论》（1776 年）。这是他最重要的影响之一，也是处理现代经济学的第一部著作，简称为《国富论》。他呼吁促进个人主动性、竞争和贸易自由，作为实现最大财富和幸福的最佳途径。史密斯被认为是现代经济学之父，他仍然被认为是当今经济学中最有影响力的经济思想家之一。 2009 年，史密斯在苏格兰电视频道的投票中被评为有史以来“最伟大的苏格兰人”之一。史密斯在格拉斯哥大学和牛津大学巴利奥尔学院学习社会哲学，毕业后在爱丁堡大学成功举办了一系列公开讲座。然后，他在格拉斯哥获得了教授道德哲学的教授职位，在此期间，他撰写并出版了《道德情操论》。史密斯后来担任导师，这使他能够环游欧洲，在那里他遇到了当时一些伟大的思想家。史密斯随后回到他的国家，并花了大约十年的时间完成他的著作《国富论》，该书于 1776 年出版。史密斯于 1790 年去世，享年 67 岁。

Theory Of Moral Sentiments pdf 亚当·斯密

The foundation for a general system of morals, this 1749 work is a landmark in the history of moral and political thought. Readers familiar with Adam Smith from The Wealth of Nations will find this earlier book a revelation. Although the author is often misrepresented as a calculating rationalist who advises the pursuit of self-interest in the marketplace, regardless of the human cost, he was also interested in the human capacity for benevolence — as The Theory of Moral Sentiments amply demonstrates.
The greatest prudence, Smith suggests, may lie in following economic self-interest in order to secure the basic necessities. This is only the first step, however, toward the much higher goal of achieving a morally virtuous life. Smith elaborates upon a theory of the imagination inspired by the philosophy of David Hume. His reasoning takes Hume's logic a step further by proposing a more sophisticated notion of sympathy, leading to a series of highly original theories involving conscience, moral judgment, and virtue.
Smith's legacy consists of his reconstruction of the Enlightenment idea of a moral, or social, science that embraces both political economy and the theory of law and government. His articulate expression of his philosophy continues to inspire and challenge modern readers.