希拉里·黛安·罗德姆·克林顿（生于 1947 年 10 月 26 日）是美国政治家、外交官、律师、作家和公众演说家，2009 年至 2013 年担任第 67 任美国国务卿，2001 年担任纽约州参议员至 2009 年，并于 1993 年至 2001 年担任美国第一夫人，担任比尔·克林顿总统的夫人。作为民主党的一员，她在 2016 年总统大选中被提名为民主党总统候选人，成为第一位获得美国主要政党总统提名的女性。克林顿在选举中赢得了普选，但在选举团投票中失利，从而在总统选举中失利。
罗德姆在芝加哥郊区帕克里奇长大，1969 年毕业于韦尔斯利学院，1973 年从耶鲁法学院获得法学博士学位。在担任国会法律顾问后，她搬到了阿肯色州，并于 1975 年与未来的总统比尔·克林顿结婚。两人是在耶鲁认识的。 1977 年，克林顿共同创立了阿肯色州儿童和家庭倡导者组织。 1978 年，她被任命为法律服务公司的第一位女性主席，并于次年成为小石城玫瑰律师事务所的第一位女性合伙人。 《国家法律杂志》两次将她列为美国最具影响力的一百位律师之一。克林顿在 1979 年至 1981 年和 1983 年至 1992 年期间担任阿肯色州第一夫人。作为美国第一夫人，克林顿倡导医疗改革。 1994 年，她的主要倡议——克林顿医疗保健计划——未能获得国会的批准。 1997 年和 1999 年，克林顿在倡导创建国家儿童健康保险计划、收养和安全家庭法以及寄养独立法方面发挥了主导作用。克林顿在 1995 年联合国妇女大会上倡导性别平等。在莱温斯基丑闻期间，她的婚姻关系受到公众的关注，这导致她发表声明，重申她对婚姻的承诺。
In 2000, Clinton was elected as the first female senator from New York and became the first First lady to simultaneously hold elected office, and then the first former First lady to serve in the Senate.她于2006年再次选出，并于2003年至2007年担任参议院民主转向和外展委员会。在她参议院任期期间，克林顿主张为第一个受访者主持医疗福利，其健康在9月11日袭击中受损。[1]她支持 2002 年授权伊拉克战争的决议，但反对 2007 年增兵。2008 年，克林顿竞选总统，但在民主党初选中被最终获胜者巴拉克奥巴马击败。克林顿在 2009 年至 2013 年的奥巴马政府第一任期内担任美国国务卿。在她任职期间，克林顿建立了四年一次的外交与发展审查。她通过主张对利比亚进行军事干预来回应阿拉伯之春，但因未能预防或充分应对 2012 年班加西袭击而遭到共和党人的严厉批评。克林顿帮助组织了对伊朗的外交孤立和国际制裁制度，以迫使其削减其核计划；这一努力最终促成了 2015 年的多国 JCPOA 核协议。她在担任国务卿期间使用私人电子邮件服务器受到了严格审查；虽然没有对克林顿提出任何指控，但电子邮件争议是 2016 年总统大选期间最受关注的话题。
克林顿在 2016 年进行了第二次总统竞选。在赢得民主党提名后，她与弗吉尼亚州参议员蒂姆凯恩作为竞选伙伴参加了大选。克林顿在选举团中输给了共和党对手唐纳德·特朗普，尽管他赢得了多数票。在她失利后，她写了她的第三本回忆录《发生了什么》，并成立了一个致力于为进步政治团体筹款的政治行动组织 Onward Together。自 2020 年 1 月起，她一直担任北爱尔兰贝尔法斯特贝尔法斯特女王大学的校长。
Hard Choices pdf 希拉里·罗德姆·克林顿
HILLARY RODHAM CLINTON'S INSIDE ACCOUNT OF THE CRISES, CHOICES AND CHALLENGES SHE FACED DURING HER FOUR YEARS AS AMERICA'S 67THSECRETARY OF STATE, AND HOW THOSE EXPERIENCES DRIVE HER VIEW OF THE FUTURE, INCLUDING A NEW EPILOGUE.
'All of us face hard choices in our lives,' Hillary Rodham Clinton writes at the start of this personal chronicle of years at the centre of world events. 'Life is about making such choices. Our choices and how we handle them shape the people we become.'
In the aftermath of her 2008 presidential run, she expected to return to representing New York in the Unites States Senate. To her surprise, her formal rival for the Democratic Party nomination, newly elected President Barack Obama, asked her to serve in his administration as Secretary of State. This memoir is the story of the four extraordinary and historic years that followed, and the hard choices that she and her colleagues confronted.
Secretary Clinton and President Obama had to decide how to repair fractured alliances, wind down two wars and address a global financial crisis. They faced a rising competitor in China, growing threats from Iran and North Korea, and revolutions across the Middle East. Along the way, they grappled with some of the toughest dilemmas of US foreign policy, especially the decision to send Americans into harm's way, from Afghanistan to Libya to the hunt for Osama bin Laden.
By the end of her tenure, Secretary Clinton had visited 112 countries, travelled nearly one million miles and gained a truly global perspective on many of the major trends reshaping the landscape of the twenty-first century, from economic inequality to climate change to revolutions in energy, communications and health. Drawing on conversations with numerous leaders and experts, Secretary Clinton offers her views on what it will take for the United States to compete and thrive in an interdependent world. She makes a passionate case for human rights and the full participation in society of girls, youth and LGBT people. An astute eyewitness to decades of social change, she distinguishes the trendlines from the headlines and describes the progress occurring throughout the world, day after day.
Secretary Clinton's descriptions of diplomatic conversations at the highest levels offer readers a masterclass in international relations, as does her analysis of how we can best use 'smart power' to deliver security and prosperity in a rapidly changing world - one in which America remains the indispensable nation.