Nothing: A Very Short Introduction pdf

弗兰克·克洛斯于公元 1945 年出生于彼得堡，他被授予 OBE，他是牛津大学物理学教授，埃克塞特学院研究员。他是几本畅销书的作者，例如：《路西法的遗产》、《粒子物理学：非常简短的介绍》、《新宇宙洋葱》、《粒子爆炸》、《终结》、《极度棘手》以及《粒子传奇》和《反物质》。 他取得了多项成就，包括： - 大英帝国军官勋章。 1991年物理研究所会士。 1996年开尔文奖。 - 英国科学促进会副主席 1993-99。 - 自 2003 年起担任国际物理奥林匹克竞赛英国队的负责人。 - 2013 年迈克尔法拉第奖。

Nothing: A Very Short Introduction pdf 弗兰克·克洛斯

What is 'nothing'? What remains when you take all the matter away? Can empty space - a void - exist? This Very Short Introduction explores the science and the history of the elusive void: from Aristotle who insisted that the vacuum was impossible, via the theories of Newton and Einstein, to our very latest discoveries and why they can tell us extraordinary things about the cosmos. Frank Close tells the story of how scientists have explored the elusive void, and the rich discoveries that they have made there. He takes the reader on a lively and accessible history through ancient ideas and cultural superstitions to the frontiers of current research. He describes how scientists discovered that the vacuum is filled with fields; how Newton, Mach, and Einstein grappled with the nature of space and time; and how the mysterious 'aether' that was long ago supposed to permeate the void may now be making a comeback with the latest research into the 'Higgs field'. We now know that the vacuum is far from being empty - it seethes with virtual particles and antiparticles that erupt spontaneously into being, and it also may contain hidden dimensions that we were previously unaware of. These new discoveries may provide answers to some of cosmology's most fundamental questions: what lies outside the universe, and, if there was once nothing, then how did the universe begin?