The equation that couldn't be solved pdf

马里奥·利维奥（Mario Livio）出生于 1945 年 6 月 19 日，他是一名以色列裔美国天体物理学家，也是普及科学和数学作品的作者。 24 年（1991-2015 年），他在太空望远镜科学研究所担任天体物理学家，该研究所负责运营哈勃太空望远镜。 他发表了 400 多篇关于宇宙学、超新星爆炸、黑洞、太阳系外行星和宇宙中生命出现等主题的科学文章。 [1] 他的关于无理数 phi 的书《黄金比例：世界上最惊人的数字 Phi 的故事》（2002 年）获得了皮亚诺奖和国际毕达哥拉斯数学通俗书籍奖。

The equation that couldn't be solved pdf 马里奥·利维奥

The equation that couldn't be solved: How mathematical genius discovered the language of symmetry. What do Bach's compositions, Rubik's Cube, the way we choose our mates, and the physics of subatomic particles have in common? All are governed by the laws of symmetry, which elegantly unify scientific and artistic principles. Yet the mathematical language of symmetry-known as group theory-did not emerge from the study of symmetry at all, but from an equation that couldn't be solved. For thousands of years mathematicians solved progressively more difficult algebraic equations, until they encountered the quintic equation, which resisted solution for three centuries. Working independently, two great prodigies ultimately proved that the quintic cannot be solved by a simple formula. These geniuses, a Norwegian named Niels Henrik Abel and a romantic Frenchman named Evariste Galois, both died tragically young. Their incredible labor, however, produced the origins of group theory. The first extensive, popular account of the mathematics of symmetry and order, The Equation That Couldn't Be Solved is told not through abstract formulas but in a beautifully written and dramatic account of the lives and work of some of the greatest and most intriguing mathematicians in history.